If you are contemplating any do-it-yourself repairs on a home built before 1978, it’s important to protect your family from the lead dust that can be generated when you disturb a painted surface. This lead dust can be very dangerous to small children and pregnant women. If not controlled and removed, it can remain in the house for years and affect future occupants.

Regular vacuums do not capture lead particles; you need a vacuum equipped with a special HEPA (High-Efficiency Particulate Air) filter that will trap lead dust particles too small for you see. While many stores sell vacuums with HEPA filters for regular household cleaning (for example, to control allergens), you should consider an industrial model if you will be doing a larger-scale renovation project. These models use multiple filters to capture lead particles and seal more effectively against air leaks. Canister-type vacuums are preferable to upright models, and the model you choose should have a long hose for reaching high places and a beater-brush attachment if you will be vacuuming carpets. For additional factors to consider when selecting a HEPA vac, check out information sheets from the Vermont Housing & Conservation Board and the Michigan Department of Community Health.

Income-eligible Cleveland Heights homeowner/occupants can rent a HEPA vac from HRRC’s Tool Loan program; call (216) 381-6100, ext. 16 for information. Cuyahoga County residents can borrow a HEPA vac from the Cuyahoga County Board of Health; call (216) 201-2001, ext. 1215 or, for residents of the City of Cleveland, (216) 263-5323.

There are recommended methods for using a HEPA vac (described in the above information sheets). Minimizing the danger of lead dust also involves some preparation work (to keep the dust from spreading throughout the house) and a thorough cleaning afterwards. See HRRC’s handouts on controlling lead dust inside and outside for more information.

Think about lead control when contracting repairs, too. When getting a bid, talk to each contractor about the measures that will be used to protect you and your family. Check if the person who will be doing the work has been specially trained and certified in lead-safe work practices (now required by the EPA on all but very small repairs, if your house was built prior to 1978.) Have this information included in your written contract.